Nikon(G)-EOS fit for Nikon G Lens and Canon EOS Mount Camera ,your cannon 80D is E mount camera, so the adapter ring is fit for your camera 

Could you please update us your full Minolta lens model ?as Minolta has MD MC and AF mount, K&F Concept MD-M4/3 is suitable for: Lens: Minolta MD MC Mount lens(not for Minolta AF mount: KF06.157) Camera: Micro 4/3 (MFT) mount mirrorless camera like Olympus PEN, OM-D series, Panasonic Lumix DMC-G1, G2, G3, G10, GX1, GH1, GH2, GF1, GF2, GF3, GF5, GH4, Panasonic AG-AF100 Mirrorless Digital Cameras, Black Magic Pocket Cinema Camera (BMPCC) 

For camera with telephoto zoom lens, you need to buy a tripod mount ring additionally or telephoto lens bracket for better balance) 

I don't think you need any. There is no glass. 

No, this adapter is for the older manual focus Minolta Rokkor MC and MD lenses. If you want to autofocus and aperture control you will need the Sony LA-EA4. (the lower cost Sony LA-EA3 will electronically connect A mount lenses but you will have to manually focus.)